Orthotics are designed to treat or adjust various biomechanical foot disorders. They may be simple, commercially made devices, sold over-the-counter in drug stores or other retail establishments. The best results, however, are reported with the use of custom-tailored orthotics specifically crafted to meet the needs of a particular person. Types of Orthotics In general, orthotics are grouped into four broad categories: • Functional orthotics incorporate special wedges to adjust the heel or forefoot, correcting ..defects in the arch that cause poor shock absorption, such as excessive pronation ..(flattening of the arch) or supination (an arch that is too high). • Weight-dispersive or accommodative orthotics typically feature padding designed to relieve ..pain caused by excessive pressure on the metatarsal heads. Other accommodative ..orthotics are designed to treat pain and pressure on the sesamoid bones, collapsed tarsal ..bones, sores and chronically inflamed toes. • Supportive orthotics are arch supports usually prescribed to treat problems of the ..plantar arch. • Early childhood orthotics are special devices designed to correct biomechanical walking ..problems identified in young children. To prepare the custom-made orthotics, the specialist must first perform the biomechanical analysis of the feet and of the walk of his patient. When the orthotics are fabricated, it is necessary to make an adjustment on the patient’s feet to make sure they are perfectly fit. Well made orthotics provide an immediate relief and the sense of comfort. Who Should Use an Orthotic? Because perfect feet are very rare, almost anyone can benefit from orthotics. They can prevent and alleviate many of the common foot complications that cause discomfort in otherwise healthy people. An analogy can be made between orthotics and eyeglasses. Both adjust bodily imperfections that inhibit people from functioning at their maximum physical potential. In both cases, a physician will do a complete examination and prescribe the proper amount of correction. Almost anyone can achieve some benefit from an orthotic. There are several common symptoms that may indicate misalignment of the feet. You may be a candidate for orthotics if: • one side of the sole of your shoe wears out faster than the other • you frequently sprain your ankle • you have chronic heel, knee or lower back pain • your shins hurt • your toes are not straight • your feet point inward or excessively outward when you walk; or • your feet hurt in general